How to Identify the Andean Milk Snake (Identification Guide)
A guide to identifying the Andean Milk Snake through its bold tricolor bands, glossy scales, and mountainous South American range.
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Key identifying features
The Andean Milk Snake (Lampropeltis triangulum andesiana or related Andean population) is a non-venomous South American milk snake subspecies displaying the classic tricolor banded pattern, smooth scales, and small rounded head typical of the species complex.
Coloration & pattern
Individuals typically show broad red or reddish-orange bands bordered by black, separated by narrower white or pale yellow rings that encircle the body. The banding tends to be crisp and evenly spaced, running the length of the body from just behind the head to the tail tip. The black snout, followed immediately by a pale band, is a common feature in this and related milk snake populations.
Head, eyes & scales
The head is small and only slightly wider than the neck, blending into the body without a distinct bulge. Eyes are moderate in size with round pupils, consistent with its non-venomous status. Scales are smooth and glossy over the entire body, giving a polished appearance to the tricolor bands.
Size & body shape
Adults generally reach 60–90 cm (24–35 inches), with a slender, elongated, cylindrical body and a moderately long tail that tapers to a point. Juveniles share the same banded pattern as adults, often appearing slightly more vivid in coloration.
Range & habitat where you'll see it
This milk snake inhabits Andean foothill and montane regions of northwestern South America, including parts of Colombia and Ecuador, occupying cloud forest edges, montane scrub, and agricultural clearings at moderate elevations. It is secretive, generally nocturnal, and often found under rocks, logs, or leaf litter.
How to tell it apart from look-alikes
As with all milk snakes in South America, the key distinguishing feature from venomous coral snakes in the same region is that red bands border black bands rather than yellow. Compared to other regional milk snake populations, subtle differences in band width and coloration intensity, along with locality, help with more precise identification. Smooth scales, round pupils, and a small non-triangular head reliably separate it from any venomous pit vipers found in similar habitats.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Andean Milk Snake venomous?
No, it is non-venomous and relies on constriction and coral snake mimicry rather than venom.
How does it differ from a venomous coral snake?
Its red bands touch black bands rather than yellow, unlike true coral snakes found in the same region.
Where is this snake found?
In Andean foothill and montane habitats of Colombia and Ecuador, often in cloud forest edges and scrub.
What color is the snout?
Typically black, followed by a pale white or yellow band leading into the first red saddle.
Are the scales rough or smooth?
Smooth and glossy, unlike the keeled scales of venomous vipers.