Black-headed Bushmaster
Lachesis melanocephala
A large, rare pit viper endemic to a small region of Pacific Costa Rica, distinguished by its notably dark head.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 1.8-2.2 m (6-7.2 ft)
- Range
- Pacific slope of southwestern Costa Rica
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Overview
The Black-headed Bushmaster is one of the rarest and most range-restricted bushmaster species, found only along the Pacific slope of southwestern Costa Rica.
Like other bushmasters, it is a massive pit viper adapted to dense rainforest, but it is set apart by its distinctly dark, almost black head, which contrasts with the lighter coloring of its body.
How to identify it
- Large, heavy-bodied snake with a strikingly dark or black head
- Reddish-brown to tan body with dark diamond or hexagonal blotches
- Rough, keeled scales
- Triangular head with heat-sensing pits
- Vertical pupils
- Distinguished from other bushmasters primarily by its dark head coloration and restricted range
Habitat & range
Restricted to primary rainforest along the Pacific slope of southwestern Costa Rica, an area of high endemism and conservation concern due to habitat loss.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Nocturnal, terrestrial ambush predator feeding on small mammals. Oviparous, laying eggs like other bushmasters. Rare and rarely encountered, contributing to concerns about its conservation status.
Frequently asked questions
What makes the Black-headed Bushmaster unique?
Its distinctly dark or black head, which sets it apart from other bushmaster species.
Where does it live?
Only in a small area along the Pacific slope of southwestern Costa Rica.
Is it endangered?
Its very limited range makes it vulnerable to habitat loss and a species of conservation concern.
Does it lay eggs?
Yes, like all bushmasters, it is oviparous.
Black-headed Bushmaster guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Black-headed Bushmaster.
