Carolina Pygmy Rattlesnake
Sistrurus miliarius miliarius
A small, gray-toned rattlesnake subspecies of the Carolinas and Gulf Coastal Plain, with a subtle rusty back stripe.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 0.35-0.5 m (1.1-1.6 ft)
- Range
- Southeastern United States, from North Carolina to Alabama
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Overview
The Carolina Pygmy Rattlesnake is a subspecies inhabiting the sandhills, pine flatwoods, and coastal plain habitats of the southeastern United States, primarily from North Carolina through Alabama. It is smaller and often paler than the Dusky Pygmy Rattlesnake found further south in Florida.
Its coloration is typically light gray with dark blotches and a faint reddish-brown vertebral stripe, and it possesses a tiny rattle that is often imperceptible from a distance.
How to identify it
- Pale gray body with a series of dark, rounded blotches along the back
- Thin rust-colored stripe often running down the spine
- Very small rattle producing a faint buzz
- Compact body, generally under 50 cm
- Distinguished from Dusky Pygmy Rattlesnake by paler, less mottled coloring
Habitat & range
Inhabits sandhills, longleaf pine forests, and coastal plain scrub with well-drained sandy soils. Also found near wetland edges and mixed pine-hardwood habitats within its range.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Diurnal in cooler seasons, shifting to crepuscular or nocturnal activity in summer heat. Preys on lizards, small snakes, and invertebrates. Secretive and generally non-aggressive, relying on cryptic coloration for defense. Bears live young.
Frequently asked questions
How does it differ from the Dusky Pygmy Rattlesnake?
It tends to be paler gray with less mottling and occurs farther north, from North Carolina to Alabama.
Is it venomous?
Yes, though its small size limits the amount of venom delivered.
What habitat does it prefer?
Sandhills, longleaf pine forests, and sandy coastal plain scrub.
What does it eat?
Small lizards, snakes, and invertebrates.
Carolina Pygmy Rattlesnake guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Carolina Pygmy Rattlesnake.
