Desert Mountain Adder
Bitis xeropaga
A little-known rocky-terrain adder confined to arid mountain slopes along the Orange River region of southern Africa.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 35-50 cm (14-20 in)
- Range
- Arid mountainous areas of southern Namibia and the Northern Cape of South Africa
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Overview
The Desert Mountain Adder is a poorly documented small viper found only in a limited arid mountainous range along the border of Namibia and South Africa. It favors rocky slopes and boulder-strewn terrain.
Due to its remote habitat, relatively little is known about its natural history compared with other Bitis species.
How to identify it
- Small, robust adder with grey to brownish coloration matching rock substrates
- Dark blotched or banded pattern for camouflage
- Rough keeled scales; broad triangular head
- Similar in build to other dwarf Bitis adders but restricted range aids identification
- Lacks the prominent single horn of the Horned Adder
Habitat & range
Rocky, arid mountain slopes and boulder fields near the Orange River in southern Namibia and the Northern Cape of South Africa.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Believed nocturnal and ambush-hunting, likely preying on small lizards. Reproductive biology is not well documented but presumed viviparous like most Bitis species.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Desert Mountain Adder well studied?
No, it is one of the least documented Bitis species due to its remote habitat.
Is it venomous?
Yes, as a member of Bitis it is venomous.
Where can it be found?
Rocky mountainous terrain along the Orange River border of Namibia and South Africa.
Does it lay eggs?
Like most Bitis vipers, it is thought to give live birth rather than lay eggs.
Desert Mountain Adder guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Desert Mountain Adder.
