Mexican Cantil
Agkistrodon bilineatus
A dark, bold-patterned pit viper of Mexican tropical lowlands, closely related to the cottonmouth and copperhead.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 0.7-1.0 m (2.3-3.3 ft)
- Range
- Pacific and Gulf lowlands of Mexico and northern Central America
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Overview
The Mexican Cantil is a stout pit viper found in the tropical dry forests and lowlands along the Pacific and Gulf coasts of Mexico, extending into parts of northern Central America. It belongs to the same genus as the cottonmouth and copperheads of the United States.
Its dark body is marked with pale crossbands and distinctive facial stripes, including two pale lines bordering a dark cheek stripe that give the species its scientific name meaning "two-lined."
How to identify it
- Dark brown to nearly black body with paler, narrow crossbands
- Two pale stripes bordering the head, one above and one below the eye
- Broad, blocky head distinct from the neck
- Vertical pupils and heat-sensing pits
- Juveniles have a yellow tail tip used for luring prey
Habitat & range
Found in tropical dry forest, thorn scrub, and lowland habitats near seasonal streams and ponds. Often active near water sources during the dry season when moisture is limited.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Primarily nocturnal, though may be active by day in cooler, overcast conditions. Feeds on rodents, birds, amphibians, and other reptiles. Considered more defensive than many pit vipers, willing to stand its ground when threatened. Live-bearing.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Mexican Cantil venomous?
Yes, it is a venomous pit viper closely related to the cottonmouth and copperheads.
How can I identify it?
Look for a dark body with pale crossbands and two pale stripes bordering the head near the eye.
Where does it live?
In tropical dry forests and lowlands along Mexico's Pacific and Gulf coasts and into northern Central America.
What does it eat?
Rodents, birds, amphibians, and other reptiles.
Mexican Cantil guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Mexican Cantil.
