Persian Viper
Montivipera latifii
A rare and localized mountain viper endemic to a small area of the Alborz range in northern Iran.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 0.5-0.9 m (1.6-3 ft)
- Range
- Central Alborz Mountains, Iran
Found a snake like this?
Identify any snake from a photo, free.
Overview
The Persian Viper is one of the most range-restricted vipers in the world, known from only a few valleys in the central Alborz Mountains of Iran. It belongs to the Montivipera group of large-bodied mountain vipers.
Because of its extremely limited distribution, it is classified as endangered, with habitat disturbance and water development projects posing significant threats to its survival.
How to identify it
- Robust body with a broad, distinct head
- Grayish or brownish base color with darker, often connected dorsal blotches
- Belly lighter with dark mottling
- Vertical pupils and heat-sensing pits absent (true viper, not pit viper)
- Similar to other Montivipera species but geographically isolated, aiding identification
Habitat & range
Restricted to rocky slopes and grassy patches along a narrow stretch of the Lar River valley in the central Alborz Mountains at moderate to high elevation.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Active mainly during the day in cooler seasons. Preys on small mammals and occasionally birds. Gives birth to live young. Population is small and closely monitored due to its critically limited range.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Persian Viper venomous?
Yes, it is a venomous species of the mountain viper group.
Where does the Persian Viper live?
Only in a small area of the central Alborz Mountains in northern Iran.
Is the Persian Viper endangered?
Yes, its extremely restricted range makes it one of the most threatened vipers globally.
What does the Persian Viper eat?
Small mammals and occasionally birds.
Persian Viper guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Persian Viper.
