Rhombic Night Adder
Causus rhombeatus
A widespread African viper named for the diamond-shaped blotches along its back, with comparatively mild venom.
- Venomous?
- Mildly venomous
- Adult length
- 0.4-0.9 m (1.3-3 ft)
- Range
- Sub-Saharan Africa
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Overview
The Rhombic Night Adder is one of the most commonly encountered vipers across sub-Saharan Africa, often found in gardens and cultivated areas near water. Its venom is considered mild compared to many other vipers.
It is notable among vipers for laying eggs rather than giving birth to live young, an unusual trait within the family.
How to identify it
- Grayish-brown to olive body with dark, rhombus-shaped blotches down the back
- Distinctive dark V- or chevron-shaped mark on the head
- Rounded head, less triangular than typical vipers
- Round to slightly elliptical pupils
- Enlarged venom glands giving the head a slightly bulging appearance
Habitat & range
Found in moist savanna, grassland, and wetland-adjacent habitats throughout sub-Saharan Africa, often near water sources.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Primarily nocturnal, feeding almost exclusively on frogs and toads. Unusual among vipers for laying eggs. Generally not aggressive, though it may hiss and puff when threatened.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Rhombic Night Adder highly dangerous?
Its venom is considered mild compared to many vipers, though bites can still cause significant local swelling.
What does it eat?
It feeds almost exclusively on frogs and toads.
Does it lay eggs?
Yes, unusually among vipers, it lays eggs rather than bearing live young.
Where does it live?
It is found near water sources in moist grassland and savanna across sub-Saharan Africa.
Rhombic Night Adder guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Rhombic Night Adder.
