West African Gaboon Viper
Bitis rhinoceros
A massive, ornately patterned viper with the longest fangs of any snake, native to West African rainforests.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 1.2-1.8 m (4-6 ft)
- Range
- West Africa (rainforest belt)
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Overview
The West African Gaboon Viper is among the largest vipers in the world, distinguished by its intricate geometric pattern of browns, purples, and creams that provides remarkable camouflage on the forest floor.
It possesses the longest fangs of any snake species and delivers a large venom yield, though it is generally docile and reluctant to bite unless provoked.
How to identify it
- Complex geometric pattern of tan, brown, purple, and cream markings resembling fallen leaves
- Very large, broad, triangular head with small horns above the nostrils
- Vertically elliptical pupils
- Extremely heavy, thick body
- Distinguished from the East African Gaboon Viper by nasal horn structure and range
Habitat & range
Inhabits lowland tropical rainforest and forest edges throughout West Africa.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Nocturnal, slow-moving ambush predator relying on camouflage to catch rodents and other small mammals. Notably calm temperament, rarely biting unless stepped on or handled. Gives birth to live young.
Frequently asked questions
Is the West African Gaboon Viper dangerous?
Yes, it is highly venomous with a large venom yield, though it is generally calm and slow to bite.
Does it have the longest fangs of any snake?
Yes, Gaboon vipers are noted for having the longest fangs of any snake species.
How can I tell it apart from the East African Gaboon Viper?
Differences in nasal horn scales and geographic range separate the two species.
Where does it live?
It inhabits rainforests across West Africa.
West African Gaboon Viper guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding West African Gaboon Viper.
