Eyelash Pit Viper
Bothriechis schlegelii • Order: Squamata, Suborder: Serpentes, Family: Viperidae, Subfamily: Crotalinae, Genus: Bothriechis, Species: Bothriechis schlegelii
Central and South America. Native to southern Mexico, southward through Central America (Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama) to Colombia, western Venezuela, and Ecuador.
Look up Eyelash Pit Viper in the Snake Encyclopedia →Venomous Status
Venomous (Solenoglyphous fang type - large, retractable front fangs)
Danger Level
High Risk. Bites are serious and can be fatal without treatment; however, their small size and arboreal nature often limit large-dose envenomation compared to larger vipers like the Fer-de-lance.
Family
Order: Squamata, Suborder: Serpentes, Family: Viperidae, Subfamily: Crotalinae, Genus: Bothriechis, Species: Bothriechis schlegelii
Conservation
IUCN: Least Concern. Generally common, though threatened locally by habitat loss and illegal collection for the pet trade.
Physical Description
Variable coloration (polymorphic); this specimen shows a lichenous/mottled grey and brown pattern for camouflage. Head is distinctly triangular and wide. Features modified 'eyelash' scales (supraciliary scales) above the eyes and vertical, elliptical pupils. Scales are strongly keeled.
Size & Dimensions
The specimen in the image appears to be a juvenile or small adult, approximately 35-50 cm. Adults typically range from 55 to 82 cm in length.
Habitat
Primarily arboreal, residing in tropical rainforests, cloud forests, and wooded areas. Ranges from sea level up to 2,600 meters elevation. Frequently found on low-hanging branches, vines, and palms.
Behavior & Temperament
Nocturnal and arboreal ambush predator. Usually sedentary and docile if undisturbed, relying on camouflage. However, it will strike quickly if it feels threatened or is accidentally touched. Known to display 'caudal luring' using its tail to attract prey.
Diet & Feeding
Diet consists of small mammals, birds, lizards, and frogs. It is an ambush hunter that remains coiled in one spot for days, waiting for prey to pass within striking range.
Reproduction
Ovoviviparous; females give birth to live young (approx. 2 to 20 per litter). Breeding typically occurs in the rainy season.
Venom Profile
Hemotoxic and cytotoxic; causes tissue necrosis, swelling, local pain, and systemic coagulopathy (interferes with blood clotting).
Look-alikes
Other species in the Bothriechis genus (e.g., B. suavis or B. nigroviridis). The presence of the 'eyelash' scales and its specific dorsal pattern distinguish it from non-venomous colubrids that may mimic its colors.
Conservation Status
IUCN: Least Concern. Generally common, though threatened locally by habitat loss and illegal collection for the pet trade.
Cultural Significance
Highly iconic in Central American herpetology. A favorite of wildlife photographers due to its many color morphs (yellow, green, spotted). Plays a vital role in controlling rodent and lizard populations in tropical ecosystems.
Notable Features
Highly polymorphic species—individuals can be bright yellow (the 'oropendola' morph), green, red, or mottled gray/brown like this specimen. Use of prehensile tail for anchoring to branches while striking.