Common Garter Snake
Thamnophis sirtalis • Order: Squamata, Suborder: Serpentes, Family: Colubridae, Subfamily: Natricinae, Genus: Thamnophis, Species: T. sirtalis
Widely distributed throughout North America, ranging from the Atlantic to the Pacific, extending from parts of Canada down through the United States.
Look up Common Garter Snake in the Snake Encyclopedia →Family
Order: Squamata, Suborder: Serpentes, Family: Colubridae, Subfamily: Natricinae, Genus: Thamnophis, Species: T. sirtalis
Conservation
IUCN Red List status is Least Concern, as they are widespread and adaptable, though localized populations face threats from habitat destruction and road mortality.
Physical Description
Features dark coloration with distinct light vertical bars on the labial scales (lips), heavily keeled scales, and round pupils. Dark stripes and checkered patterns are typical along the body.
Size & Dimensions
Specimens typically range from 46 to 137 cm (18 to 54 inches) in total length, with adult females generally being larger than males.
Habitat
Found in a diverse range of habitats including forests, fields, grasslands, marshes, and urban backyards, typically near permanent or temporary water sources.
Diet & Feeding
Diet consists of a wide variety of prey including amphibians, earthworms, small fish, and occasionally other small vertebrates. Active foragers using keen senses to locate prey.
Reproduction
Viviparous (giving birth to live young), producing litters that can range from 10 to 40 or more offspring in the late summer.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List status is Least Concern, as they are widespread and adaptable, though localized populations face threats from habitat destruction and road mortality.
Cultural Significance
Commonly encountered in suburban areas, serving an important ecological role in controlling amphibian and invertebrate populations. Often kept as pets due to hardiness.
Notable Features
Exhibits great color variation across its extensive geographic range and possesses a high tolerance for cooler temperatures compared to many other snake species.