Barred Grass Snake
Natrix helvetica
A harmless, water-loving colubrid of Western Europe, closely related to the grass snake and often showing dark vertical barring along the flanks.
- Venomous?
- Non-venomous
- Adult length
- 0.7-1.3 m (2.3-4.3 ft), females larger
- Range
- Western Europe including Great Britain and France
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Overview
The barred grass snake is a non-venomous, semi-aquatic colubrid found across parts of Western Europe, recently recognized as a distinct species from the more widespread grass snake (Natrix natrix). It is closely tied to freshwater habitats and is entirely harmless to humans.
It is best known for its yellow or pale collar behind the head and its habit of feeding largely on amphibians near ponds, streams, and wetlands.
How to identify it
- Olive-gray to brownish dorsal coloration with dark vertical bars along the flanks, more pronounced than in the nominate grass snake
- Pale yellow, cream, or orange collar-like marking behind the head, bordered by black
- Belly checkered black and white or cream
- Keeled scales giving a slightly rough texture
- Round pupils and a relatively slender build
Habitat & range
Strongly associated with freshwater habitats including ponds, rivers, marshes, and wet meadows, though also found in gardens and compost heaps. Range includes Great Britain, France, the Low Countries, and parts of western Germany and Switzerland.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Diurnal and a strong swimmer, often seen basking near water. Entirely harmless, its main defense is playing dead (thanatosis) or releasing a foul-smelling musk when threatened rather than biting. Feeds mainly on amphibians such as frogs and toads, also fish. Oviparous, laying clutches of 10-40 eggs, often in decaying vegetation or compost that provides warmth.
Frequently asked questions
Is the barred grass snake venomous?
No, it is completely non-venomous and harmless to humans.
How is the barred grass snake different from the grass snake?
It was recently split from the grass snake as a distinct species, typically showing more pronounced vertical barring on the flanks.
Where is the barred grass snake found?
It occurs in Great Britain, France, and parts of western continental Europe.
What does the barred grass snake eat?
It feeds mainly on frogs, toads, and occasionally fish.
Barred Grass Snake guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Barred Grass Snake.
