Brazos Water Snake
Nerodia harteri
A narrow-range Texas endemic water snake restricted to the rocky Brazos River system.
- Venomous?
- Non-venomous
- Adult length
- 0.5-0.9 m (1.6-3 ft)
- Range
- Brazos River drainage of central Texas
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Overview
The Brazos water snake is endemic to a limited stretch of the Brazos River and its tributaries in central Texas, making it one of the more range-restricted water snakes in North America.
It favors rocky, flowing river habitat and has experienced population declines associated with reservoir construction and habitat alteration along the Brazos system.
How to identify it
- Tan to gray-brown background with darker crossbands or blotches
- Pattern may fade toward the tail
- Keeled scales
- Moderately slender body
- Round pupils
- Distinguished from other Texas water snakes mainly by its narrow endemic range along the Brazos River
Habitat & range
Restricted to rocky sections of the Brazos River and its major tributaries in central Texas, favoring flowing water over reservoirs and stagnant impoundments.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Diurnal, foraging for small fish and amphibians along rocky riverbanks and shoals. Basks on rocks near flowing water. Bears live young. Considered a species of conservation concern due to its restricted range and habitat alteration from damming.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Brazos water snake venomous?
No, it is non-venomous.
Why is it considered vulnerable?
Its very limited range along the Brazos River makes it susceptible to habitat changes from dams and reservoirs.
Where does it live?
It is found only in rocky sections of the Brazos River and its tributaries in central Texas.
What does it eat?
It preys on small fish and amphibians found along rocky river shoals.
Brazos Water Snake guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Brazos Water Snake.
