Great Basin Gopher Snake
Pituophis catenifer deserticola
A high-desert gopher snake subspecies adapted to the cold winters and arid summers of the Great Basin, valued as an effective rodent predator.
- Venomous?
- Non-venomous
- Adult length
- 1.0-1.8 m (3.5-6 ft)
- Range
- Great Basin and surrounding intermountain regions of the western United States
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Overview
The Great Basin Gopher Snake occupies the vast intermountain region of Nevada, Utah, Idaho, and surrounding states, tolerating both hot summers and cold winters through seasonal activity shifts.
Like other gopher snake subspecies, it is entirely harmless and beneficial, feeding heavily on small mammals.
How to identify it
- Light tan to yellowish background with dark brown or black blotches
- Pattern similar to other Pituophis subspecies but often slightly duller in color
- Heavily keeled scales
- Narrow head, round pupils
- Bluffing behavior with hissing and tail vibration distinguishes it behaviorally from true vipers, but body shape and lack of rattle confirm identity
Habitat & range
Found in sagebrush flats, grasslands, and semi-arid shrublands across the Great Basin, often at moderate elevations, using burrows for refuge.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Diurnal, especially in spring and fall; may shift to crepuscular activity in summer heat. Preys on rodents, ground squirrels, and birds via constriction. Hibernates communally in winter. Lays eggs in midsummer.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Great Basin Gopher Snake venomous?
No, it is non-venomous.
Where is it typically found?
In sagebrush and grassland habitats across the Great Basin region of the western US.
How does it survive cold winters?
It hibernates in underground burrows, often communally with other snakes.
What does it eat?
Mainly small mammals such as ground squirrels and mice.
Great Basin Gopher Snake guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Great Basin Gopher Snake.
Great Basin Gopher Snake identified by the community
Real snakes identified with Snake Identifier.
