Iberian Grass Snake
Natrix astreptophora
A harmless, water-associated colubrid endemic to the Iberian Peninsula and parts of northwestern Africa, closely related to other grass snakes.
- Venomous?
- Non-venomous
- Adult length
- 0.7-1.2 m (2.3-4 ft)
- Range
- Iberian Peninsula and northwestern Africa
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Overview
The Iberian grass snake is a non-venomous colubrid restricted to Spain, Portugal, and parts of Morocco, recognized relatively recently as distinct from other grass snake species in the genus Natrix. It is closely associated with freshwater habitats and poses no danger to humans.
It shares the general grass snake body plan and ecology, feeding largely on amphibians near water bodies.
How to identify it
- Grayish-olive to brownish dorsal coloration, sometimes with faint dark spotting
- Pale yellowish or cream collar behind the head, often less pronounced than in northern grass snake relatives
- Belly pale with dark checkered markings
- Keeled scales
- Slender build with a rounded head and round pupils
Habitat & range
Found near ponds, streams, irrigation channels, and wetlands, as well as in drier scrubland when water is nearby. Range covers most of the Iberian Peninsula and parts of northern Morocco, from lowlands to mid-elevations.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Diurnal and a capable swimmer, frequently seen near water. Defensive behaviors include musk release and feigning death rather than biting. Diet consists mainly of amphibians such as frogs and toads, along with occasional fish. Oviparous, laying clutches of eggs in warm, moist substrates such as decaying vegetation.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Iberian grass snake dangerous?
No, it is non-venomous and harmless to humans.
Where is the Iberian grass snake found?
It is native to Spain, Portugal, and parts of northern Morocco.
What does the Iberian grass snake eat?
It feeds primarily on frogs, toads, and occasionally fish.
Is the Iberian grass snake the same as the common grass snake?
No, it was recognized as a separate species from the more widespread European grass snake based on genetic and morphological differences.
Iberian Grass Snake guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Iberian Grass Snake.
