Arabian Horned Viper
Cerastes gasperettii
A sand-dwelling desert viper of the Arabian Peninsula, closely resembling the African Horned Viper but occupying a distinct eastern range.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 40-60 cm (16-24 in)
- Range
- Arabian Peninsula and parts of the Middle East
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Overview
The Arabian Horned Viper is a desert specialist found throughout the Arabian Peninsula and adjacent parts of the Middle East. It closely resembles its African relative, the Horned Viper, but was recognized as a separate species based on its distinct range and morphology.
It is well adapted to shifting sand dunes, often moving by sidewinding and burying itself for camouflage and ambush.
How to identify it
- Small to medium viper with pale sandy to yellowish coloration and darker blotches
- Often bears a single horn-like scale above each eye, though hornless individuals also occur
- Rough keeled scales; broad triangular head with vertical pupils
- Distinguished from the African Horned Viper primarily by geographic range across the Arabian Peninsula
Habitat & range
Sandy deserts and dune fields across the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring Middle Eastern countries.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Nocturnal, burying itself in sand during the day. Sidewinds across loose sand to reduce heat exposure. Ambushes rodents and lizards. Oviparous, laying eggs rather than giving live birth.
Frequently asked questions
Is it the same as the African Horned Viper?
No, though closely related and similar in appearance, it is recognized as a distinct species found on the Arabian Peninsula.
Do all individuals have horns?
No, some individuals lack the pronounced supraocular horn scales.
How does it move across sand?
It uses a sidewinding motion to travel efficiently across loose desert sand.
What does it eat?
Small rodents and lizards ambushed from a partially buried position.
Arabian Horned Viper guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Arabian Horned Viper.
