Red Adder
Bitis rubida
A recently described small viper with reddish coloration, endemic to mountain ranges of South Africa's Cape region.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 30-45 cm (12-18 in)
- Range
- Mountainous regions of the Western and Northern Cape, South Africa
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Overview
The Red Adder is a relatively recently recognized species of small viper distinguished from close relatives by its reddish hue and restricted mountain distribution in South Africa.
It occupies rocky fynbos habitats at moderate elevations, blending in with the reddish-brown sandstone common to the region.
How to identify it
- Reddish-brown to rusty coloration, often more vivid than related dwarf adders
- Small, stout body with keeled scales
- Broad head with narrow neck typical of Bitis
- Distinguished from Many-Horned and Horned Adder by its reddish tone and specific mountain range distribution
Habitat & range
Rocky fynbos and sandstone mountain slopes in the Western and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Presumed nocturnal ambush predator feeding on small lizards, similar to related dwarf Bitis species. Viviparous, giving live birth to small litters.
Frequently asked questions
Why is it called the Red Adder?
It is named for its distinctive reddish-brown coloration.
Is it a new species?
It was formally described relatively recently, separating it from closely related dwarf adders.
Is it venomous?
Yes, it is venomous like all Bitis species.
Where does it live?
Mountainous fynbos habitats in South Africa's Western and Northern Cape.
Red Adder guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Red Adder.
