Transcaucasian Sand Viper
Pseudocerastes persicus
A desert-dwelling viper of the Caucasus and Iranian plateau, closely related to the false horned vipers.
- Venomous?
- Venomous
- Adult length
- 0.6-1.2 m (2-4 ft)
- Range
- Caucasus region, Iran, and adjacent parts of the Middle East
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Overview
This name is applied to populations of the Persian horned viper complex found in arid parts of the Caucasus and Iran. It is a heavy-bodied, sand-colored viper adapted to dry, open terrain.
It shares many traits with other members of the Pseudocerastes genus, including a preference for loose substrates and a sit-and-wait hunting strategy.
How to identify it
- Sandy, pale brown, or grayish coloration matching desert substrate
- Faint dorsal blotches that provide camouflage
- Broad, flattened head with vertical pupils
- May show small supraocular projections in some individuals
- Body scales keeled, giving a rough texture
Habitat & range
Inhabits arid steppe, semi-desert, and rocky foothills across the Caucasus and Iranian plateau, often in sandy or gravelly substrates suitable for burrowing.
Behavior, diet & reproduction
Nocturnal or crepuscular, especially in warm months. An ambush predator feeding on rodents, lizards, and birds. Often buries itself partially in loose sand to conceal from prey and predators. Reproduces by laying eggs.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Transcaucasian Sand Viper venomous?
Yes, it is a venomous viper and should be treated with caution.
Where is it found?
In arid regions of the Caucasus, Iran, and neighboring parts of the Middle East.
How does it hunt?
It ambushes prey from concealment, often partly buried in sand or gravel.
What does it eat?
Small rodents, lizards, and occasionally birds.
Transcaucasian Sand Viper guides
In-depth guides for identifying and understanding Transcaucasian Sand Viper.
